He kumuhana wela ka "Power rationing" ma Kina mai Kepakemapa.ʻO ke kumu o ka "rationing power" ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka pahuhopu o ka "carbon neutrality" a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu.Eia kekahi, mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kēia makahiki, aia nā ʻano kemika maka kumu kūʻai nūhou i puka mai kekahi ma hope o kekahi, i waena o ka graphite electrode, kahi mea nui loa i ka ʻoihana kila, ua loaʻa iki ka nānā ʻana mai ka mākeke i kēia makahiki, a me ke kila. ʻoihana a me ke kalapona neutrality.
ʻOihana kaulahao: hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana kila
ʻO ka graphite electrode kahi ʻano o ka graphite conductive material kiʻekiʻe, hiki i ka graphite electrode ke alakaʻi i kēia manawa a me ka mana o ka mana, i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka hao ʻōpala i loko o ka umu ahi a i ʻole nā mea maka e hana ai i ke kila a me nā huahana metala ʻē aʻe, i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana kila. .ʻO ka graphite electrode kahi ʻano mea me ka resistivity haʻahaʻa a me ke kūʻē ʻana i ka gradient thermal i loko o ka umu ahi arc.ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nui o ka hana graphite electrode ka lōʻihi o ka hana ʻana (e mau ana ʻekolu a ʻelima mau mahina), ka hoʻohana mana kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaʻina hana paʻakikī.
Ke kūlana kaulahao ʻoihana o ka graphite electrode:
ʻO ke kaulahao graphite electrode ʻoihana ma luna o nā kumu waiwai nui no ka coke petroleum, needle coke, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nui o nā kumu waiwai no ka graphite electrode production cost, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 65%, ma muli o ka ʻenehana hana ʻenehana coke a Kina e pili ana iā Iapana a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Aia nā ʻāina i kahi ākea nui, paʻakikī ka maikaʻi o ka coke coke kūloko, no laila ke kiʻekiʻe nei ka hilinaʻi ʻana o Kina i ka coke koila kiʻekiʻe, I ka makahiki 2018, ʻo ka nui o ka lako o ka nila coke ma Kina he 418,000 tons, nona ka 218,000 tons. lawe ʻia mai, ʻoi aku ma mua o 50%.ʻO ka noi nui o lalo o nā electrodes graphite i ka eAF steelmaking.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka graphite electrode i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka hao a me ke kila.ʻO ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana electrode graphite ma Kina e kūlike me ka hana hou o ka hao a me ka ʻoihana kila.Ua hoʻomaka ka graphite electrode o Kina i ka makahiki 1950.Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻo Warburg Securities i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka electrode graphite ma Kina i ʻekolu mau pae:
1. Hoʻomaka ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka makahiki 1995 - hana nui ma 2011;
2. Ua piʻi ka ʻokoʻa o ka ʻoihana i ka makahiki 2013 - ua hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia ka hoʻokele waiwai ma 2017;
3. Aia ʻo 2018 ma kahi ala i lalo - ke hoʻomaka nei nā kaua kumukūʻai ma 2019.
Hoʻolako a me ka noi: ka umu uila uila koi koi no ka hapa nui
Ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻopuka a me ka hoʻohana ʻana, e like me ka nānā ʻana o frost Sullivan, ua emi ka hana o nā electrodes graphite ma Kina mai 0.53 miliona tons ma 2015 a i 0.50 miliona tons ma 2016, e hōʻike ana i kahi ʻano iho.I ka makahiki 2020, he hopena maikaʻi ʻole ka maʻi maʻi i nā hana a nā mea hana ma muli o nā palena o ka hoʻokele ʻana i nā hola hana, nā pilikia o nā limahana a me nā loli i nā kaʻina hana.
ʻO ka hopena, ua hāʻule nui ka hana ʻana o Kina i nā electrodes graphite.Manaʻo ʻo ia e hiki i ka 1,142.6 kilotons i 2025, me kahi cagR ma kahi o 9.7% mai 2020 a i 2025, ke hoʻomaka nei nā hana a me ke kākoʻo kulekele o ka hoʻokele no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke kila eAF.
ʻO ia ka hoʻopuka, a laila hoʻohana.Ua hoʻomaka ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka graphite electrode ma Kina mai 2016, a hiki i ka 0.59 miliona tons i 2020, me ka cagR o 10.3% mai 2015 a 2020. Ua manaʻo ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka graphite electrode e hiki i ka 0.94 miliona tons i 2025. Aia ma lalo ka wānana kikoʻī kikoʻī o ka hui. hana electrode a hoʻohana.
ʻO ka hoʻopuka ʻana o ka electrode graphite e kūlike me ke kila EAF.ʻO ka ulu ʻana o ke kila EAF e alakaʻi i ka koi o ka graphite electrode i ka wā e hiki mai ana.Ua hana ʻo Kina i 127.4 miliona tons o ke kila eaf a me 742,100 tons o nā electrodes graphite i 2019, e like me ka World Iron and Steel Association a me ka China Carbon Industry Association.ʻO ka hoʻopuka a me ka ulu ʻana o ka graphite electrode ma Kina e pili kokoke ana i ka puka a me ka ulu ʻana o ke kila eAF ma Kina.
I ka makahiki 2019 a me 2020, ʻo ka nui o ke koi honua no ke kila eAF a me ke kila non-EAF he 1.376,800 tons a me 1.472,300 tons.Ua wānana ʻo Warburg Securities e piʻi aʻe ka nui o ka noi honua i nā makahiki ʻelima e hiki mai ana a hiki i kahi 2.104,400 tons ma 2025. ʻO ka noi no ka umu uila uila no ka hapa nui, i manaʻo ʻia e hiki i 1,809,500 tons ma 2025.
Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hana ʻana i ke kila umu ahi, ʻike ʻia ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana i ka umu uila.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hana ʻana i ka hao hao, ʻo ka hana ʻana i ke kila me 1 ton o ke kila ʻōpala hiki ke hōʻemi i 1.6 tons o ke kalapona kalapona a me 3 tons o nā ʻōpala paʻa.Ka noiʻi Brokerage i ka umu uila a me ke kila kapuahi no kēlā me kēia tona o ke kalapona kalapona i ka pae 0.5:1.9.Ua ʻōlelo ka poʻe noiʻi Brokerage, "ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke kila kapuahi uila ke ʻano maʻamau."
I ka Mei, ua hoʻopuka ka Ministry of Industry and Information Technology i ka Notice on the Implementation Measures of Capacity Replacement in the Iron and Steel Industry, i hoʻokō ʻia i ka lā 1 Iune. e hoʻonui i nā wahi koʻikoʻi no ka pale ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka pollution ea.Manaʻo nā hui ʻo ke ʻano hana hou e hoʻemi i ka mana kila, e hoʻohui i ka ʻoihana kila e hoʻoholo i ka hiki ke hoʻonui.I ka manawa like, ʻo ka hoʻokō ʻana i ke ʻano hoʻololi i hoʻololi ʻia e hoʻolalelale i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o eAF, a e hoʻonui mau ʻia ka hapa o ke kila eAF.
ʻO ka graphite electrode ka mea nui o ka umu uila, hoʻoulu ʻia e ke koi o ka umu uila, manaʻo ʻia e hoʻonui hou ʻia kāna koi, pili ʻia ka graphite electrode e kona kumukūʻai.
Nui nā kumukūʻai fluctuations: cyclical hiʻona
Mai ka makahiki 2014 a hiki i ka makahiki 2016, ua emi iho ka mākeke graphite electrode honua ma muli o ka nāwaliwali o ka noi o lalo, a ua haʻahaʻa nā kumukūʻai electrode graphite.I ka makahiki 2016 me graphite electrode Manufacturers no ka laina kaha ma lalo o manufacturing kumu kūʻai, kaiapili waiwai a hiki i ka haʻahaʻa, 2017 kulekele hopena hoopau DeTiaoGang waena alapinepine umu, he nui helu o ka hao i loko o ke kila kapuahi, ka graphite electrode oihana ma Kina i ka lua o ka hapalua o. 2017 koi piʻi, ma muli o ka piʻi ʻana o ka noi no ka graphite electrode needle coke ma nā kumu waiwai i piʻi nui i ka makahiki 2017, I ka makahiki 2019, ua hōʻea iā mākou i $ 3,769.9 no ton, i 5.7 mau manawa mai 2016.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻOkakopa-15-2021