ʻO ka mea hoʻoheheʻe hao, hoʻohana ʻia ia i ka ʻoihana kila a me ka hoʻolei ʻana, no ka carburizing, desulfurization a me nā mea kōkua ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka ʻoihana hoʻoheheʻe hao a me ke kila, ʻo ia ke uku no ka nui o ke kalapona i puhi ʻia i ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka hao a me ke kila a me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea i loaʻa ke kalapona.
I ke kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o nā huahana hao a me ke kila, pinepine ma muli o ka manawa hoʻoheheʻe, ka manawa paʻa, ka manawa wela a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe, piʻi ka nalowale o nā mea kalapona i loko o ka hao wai, e hopena ana i ka emi ʻana o ka nui o ke kalapona o ka hao wai, a ʻo ka hopena ʻaʻole hiki i ka nui o ke kalapona o ka hao wai ke hoʻokō i ka waiwai kumumanaʻo i manaʻo ʻia o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana. No laila, pono e hoʻohui i nā huahana carburizing e hoʻoponopono i ka nui o ke kalapona o ke kila, he mea hoʻohui kōkua koʻikoʻi ia no ka hana ʻana i ke kila kiʻekiʻe.
E like me ka hana ʻana o nā mea maka, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kalapona i: kalapona lāʻau, kalapona lanahu, kalapona coke, a me ka graphite.
1. Kalapona lāʻau
2. Kalapona ʻano lanahu
* Carburizer lanahu calcining maʻamau: He huahana ia o ka lehu haʻahaʻa a me ka sulfur haʻahaʻa holoi maikaʻi anthracite i loko o ka umu calcination ma hope o ka calcination wela kiʻekiʻe ma kahi o 1250 ℃, i hana nui ʻia ma Ningxia, Inner Mongolia. ʻO ka nui o ke kalapona he 90-93%. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i nā ʻoihana hana kila, a hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau ʻoihana hoʻolei i ka hao hina hina. Ma muli o ke ʻano paʻa o kona mau mole kalapona, lohi ke kaʻina hana omo wela a lōʻihi ka manawa.
* ʻO ka carburizer coking asphalt: kahi huahana ʻaoʻao o ka hydrogenation tar lanahu e hana i ka ʻaila. He carburizer kalapona kiʻekiʻe, sulfur haʻahaʻa a me ka nitrogen haʻahaʻa i unuhi ʻia mai ke tar. ʻO ka nui o ke kalapona ma waena o 96-99.5%, haʻahaʻa ka nui o ka volatile, paʻa ka ʻano, kiʻekiʻe ka ikaika mechanical a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana o nā ʻāpana, maʻalahi ka graphitization.
* Mea hoʻoheheʻe lanahu coke metallurgical: coking lanahu ahi, he cupola maʻamau me ka coke nui, me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, akā hoʻohana ʻia nō hoʻi no ka carburizing metala.
3. Koke (koke ʻaila) kalapona
* Carburizer coke calcined: He huahana ia i hana ʻia me ka coke petroleum haʻahaʻa-sulfur ma ke ʻano he mea maka, kahi i hana ʻia i loko o ka umu calcination ma 1300-1500 degere ma hope o ka wehe ʻana i ka makū, nā mea lele a me nā haumia. ʻO kona ʻike kalapona paʻa he paʻa ma kahi o 98.5%, a ʻo kona ʻike sulfur he emi ma lalo o 0.5% a i ʻole 1%. He paʻa kona nui, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke palaho, a he waena kona manawa hoʻohana. Hoʻopili nui ʻia ka hana ʻana ma Shandong, Liaoning, Tianjin. Ma muli o kona kumukūʻai a me ka lako i nā ʻano he nui o ka mea carburizing he pono, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ka mākeke.
* Mea hoʻoheheʻe koka petroleum graphitic: ʻO ka koka petroleum i loko o ka umu hoʻoheheʻe graphitic ma hope o 3000 degere o ka hana ʻana i nā huahana graphitic i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe, me ka omo wikiwiki, ke kalapona kiʻekiʻe a me nā pono sulfur haʻahaʻa. ʻO kona ʻike kalapona he 98-99%, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka helu kuhikuhi o ka sulfur ma mua o 0.05% a i ʻole 0.03%, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā wahi hana ma Inner Mongolia, Jiangsu, Sichuan a pēlā aku. ʻO kekahi ala ʻē aʻe mai ka ʻoki ʻana i ka ʻōpala electrode graphite, no ka mea, ʻo ka electrode graphite ponoʻī ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka graphitization, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻōpala ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoheheʻe carburizing no nā wili kila.
* ʻO ka carburizer coke petroleum semi-graphitic: ʻaʻole kiʻekiʻe ka mahana graphitic e like me ka carburizer graphitic, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kalapona ma mua o 99.5, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka sulfur ma mua o ka carburizer graphitic, ma lalo o 0.3%.
4. ʻAno graphite
* Mea hoʻoheheʻe graphite honua: ʻo ia ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka graphite honua i ka hoʻoheheʻe hao a me ke kila a i ʻole ka hoʻolei ʻana i ka carburizing, ʻo kāna wahi hana nui ma Hunan, ʻo ia ka hoʻohana pololei ʻana o ka pauka graphite honua, ʻo ka nui o ke kalapona ma 75-80%, hiki ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia e hoʻonui i ka nui o ke kalapona o ka huahana.
* ʻO ka mea hoʻoheheʻe graphite kūlohelohe: ʻo ia hoʻi ka flake graphite, ʻo ka nui o ke kalapona he 65-99%, haʻahaʻa ke kūpaʻa, hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā wili kila.
* Mea hoʻohuihui carburizing: pauka graphite, pauka coke, coke petroleum a me nā mea wāwae ʻē aʻe, hiki ke paʻi ʻia nā mea hoʻopaʻa like ʻole me ka mīkini i ke ʻano, no ka granular koʻokoʻo. ʻO ka nui o ke kalapona ma waena o 93 a me 97%, a ʻo ka nui o ka sulfur he mea paʻa ʻole loa, ma waena o 0.09 a me 0.7.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-17-2022