Pehea e hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai nā mea kalapona?

Hiki mai nā mea kalapona i nā haneli o nā ʻano a me nā tausani

kikoʻī.

• Wahi a ka mahele waiwai, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka mea kalapona i nā huahana carbonaceous, nā huahana semi-graphitic, nā huahana graphite kūlohelohe a me nā huahana graphite artificial.

• E like me kā lākou mau waiwai, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea kalapona i ka graphite electrode a me ka graphite anode, carbon electrode a me carbon anode, carbon block, paste huahana, kūikawā kalapona a me nā huahana graphite, nā huahana kalapona no ka mechanical a me ka ʻoihana uila, carbon fiber a me kāna mau mea hoʻohui. nā mea hana kemika graphite, etc.

• Wahi a nā mea lawelawe, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea kalapona i ka ʻoihana metallurgical, aluminika ʻoihana, kemika, mechanical a me nā mea uila a me nā mea kalapona hou i hoʻohana ʻia i nā keʻena ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe.

• Wahi a ka mahele hana, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea kalapona i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana: nā mea conductive, nā mea hana a me nā mea hana kūikawā:

(1) mea conductive. E like me ka umu uila me ka graphite electrode, carbon electrode, natural graphite electrode, electrode paste a me anode paste (self-baking electrode), electrolysis me graphite anode, brush a me nā mea make EDM.

(2) Nā mea hana hale. E like me ka duty forge, ferroalloys furnace, carbide furnace, e like me ka alumini electrolytic cell lining (i kapa ʻia hoʻi he carbonaceous refractory material), ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka reactor nuklea a me nā mea hoʻomanaʻo, rocket a missile poʻo o ke keʻena a i ʻole nā ​​mea lining nozzle. ʻO nā mea hana kemika, nā mīkini ʻenehana aʻaʻa i nā mea paʻa, ke kila a me ka ʻoihana hoʻoheheʻe metala ʻole ka hoʻolei ʻana i ka crystallizer graphite lining, Semiconductor a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe maʻemaʻe.
(3) nā mea hana kūikawā. E like me ka biochar (ka puuwai artificial, iwi artificial, artificial tendon), nā ʻano like ʻole o ke kalapona pyrolytic a me ka graphite pyrolytic, ka graphite recrystallized, ke kalapona kalapona a me kāna mau mea hoʻohui, graphite interlayer pūhui, Fuller carbon a nano carbon, etc.

• E like me ka hoʻohana ʻana a me ka māhele kaʻina hana, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea kalapona i nā ʻano 12 e hiki mai ana.

(1) Nā mea uila graphite. Loaʻa iā ia ka mana graphite electrode maʻamau, ka mana kiʻekiʻe graphite electrode, ultra-high power graphite electrode, anti-oxidation coating graphite electrode, graphitized block, a me ka graphite electrode maoli i hana ʻia me ka graphite kūlohelohe e like me ka mea nui.
(2) Anode graphite. Me nā ʻano ʻano hoʻonā electrolysis a me ka paʻakai hoʻoheheʻe electrolysis i hoʻohana ʻia i ka pā anode, ke koʻokoʻo anode, ka anode cylindrical nui (e like me ka electrolysis o ka sodium metala).
(3) kalapona uila (positive) electrode. Loaʻa ia i ka electrode kalapona me ka anthracite kiʻekiʻe ma ke ʻano he kumu kumu, ʻo ka anode kalapona me ka petroleum coke ka mea nui no ka alumini electrolytic cell (ie pre-baked anode), a me ka carbon grid brick me ka asphalt coke ka mea nui. mea maka no ka lako mana a me ka ʻoihana magnesia.
(4) ʻano pahu kalapona (metallurgical furnace me carbon refractory material). Hoʻokomo nui ʻia ka umu ahi e hoʻohana ana i ka poloka kalapona (a i ʻole ka vibration extrusion molding carbon block and the roasting and processing, molding electric roasting hot little carbon blocks i ka manawa like, molding a vibration molding after roasting, the direct use of self baking carbon block, graphite block , poloka semi graphite, graphite a silica carbide, etc.), alumini electrolysis cell cathode carbon block (ʻaoʻao carbon block, carbon block ma lalo), Iron alloy furnace, calcium carbide furnace and other mineral thermal electric furnace lining carbon block, graphitization kapuahi, kapuahi kalapona kalapona no ke kau ana i ke kino o ka poloka kalapona.
(5) paʻi lanahu. Hoʻopili nui ia i ka electrode paste, ka anode paste a me ka paʻi i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka masonry o nā poloka kalapona (e like me ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka seam a me ka paʻi hili maikaʻi no ka masonry o nā poloka kalapona i loko o ka umu ahi, ka paʻi lalo no ka masonry o ka alumini electrolytic cell, etc. .).
(6) maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe, kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe graphite. Loaʻa i ka graphite maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe, ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ka graphite kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ka graphite isotropic kiʻekiʻe.
(7) ka lanahu kūikawā a me ka graphite. Loaʻa iā ia ka kalapona pyrolytic a me ka graphite pyrolytic, ke kalapona porous a me ka graphite porous, ke kalapona aniani a me ka graphite recrystallized.
(8) kalapona kūʻokoʻa a me ka graphite kūʻokoʻa no ka ʻoihana mīkini. Hoʻopili nui ia i nā apo sealing, bearings, piston rings, slideways a me nā lau o kekahi mau mīkini wili i hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea hana mechanical.
(9) Lahu a me nā huahana graphite no nā hana uila. Loaʻa ia i ka pulupulu o ka kaʻa uila a me ka generator, ka pantograph slider o ka trolley bus a me ka locomotive uila, ka pale kalapona o kekahi regulator voltage, nā ʻāpana kalapona o ke kelepona transmitter, arc carbon rod, carbon arc gouging carbon rod a me ka pahu kalapona, etc.
(10) mea hana kemika graphite (i ʻike ʻia he graphite impermeable). Loaʻa ia i nā mea hoʻololi wela like ʻole, nā pahu hopena, condensers, absorption towers, graphite pumps a me nā mea kemika ʻē aʻe.
(11) ʻO ka pulupulu kalapona a me kona mau hui. Loaʻa iā ia ʻekolu mau ʻano o ka fiber pre-oxidized, carbonized fiber a me graphitized fiber, a me ka carbon fiber a me nā resins like ʻole, plastics, ceramics, metala a me nā ʻano ʻano huahana composite.
(12) graphite interlaminar pūhui (ʻike pū ʻia me ka graphite intercalated). Loaʻa ka graphite maʻalahi (ʻo ia hoʻi, ka graphite hoʻonui), graphite-halogen interlaminar compound a me graphite-metal interlaminar compound 3 ʻano. Ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ka graphite expansive i hana ʻia mai ka graphite kūlohelohe e like me nā mea gasket.