ʻO ke kaʻina hana hana kalapona he ʻōnaehana ʻenekinia paʻa i kāohi ʻia, ka hana ʻana o nā electrodes graphite, nā mea kalapona kūikawā, nā mea kalapona alumini, nā mea kalapona kiʻekiʻe hou e hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia mai ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea maka, nā lako, nā ʻenehana, ka hoʻokele ʻana o nā mea hana ʻehā a me nā ʻenehana ponoʻī e pili ana.
ʻO nā mea maka nā mea nui e hoʻoholo ai i nā ʻano kumu o nā mea kalapona, a ʻo ka hana o nā mea maka e hoʻoholo ai i ka hana o nā mea kalapona i hana ʻia. No ka hana ʻana o nā electrodes graphite UHP a me HP, ʻo ke koho mua ka nila coke kiʻekiʻe, akā ʻo ka asphalt binder kiʻekiʻe hoʻi, ka impregnating agent asphalt. Akā ʻo nā mea maka kiʻekiʻe wale nō, ka nele o nā lako, ʻenehana, nā mea hoʻokele a me nā ʻenehana ponoʻī e pili ana, ʻaʻole hiki ke hana i ka electrode graphite UHP kiʻekiʻe, HP.
Ke nānā nei kēia ʻatikala i nā ʻano o ka coke nila kiʻekiʻe e wehewehe i kekahi mau manaʻo pilikino, no nā mea hana coke nila, nā mea hana electrode, nā ʻoihana noiʻi ʻepekema e kūkākūkā.
ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka hana ʻana o ka nila coke ma Kina ma mua o nā ʻoihana haole, ua ulu wikiwiki ia i nā makahiki i hala iho nei a ua hoʻomaka e hoʻomaka. Ma ke ʻano o ka nui o ka hana ʻana, hiki iā ia ke hoʻokō i ke koi o ka nila coke no nā electrodes graphite UHP a me HP i hana ʻia e nā ʻoihana kalapona kūloko. Eia nō naʻe, aia nō kekahi ʻokoʻa i ke ʻano o ka nila coke i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻoihana haole. ʻO ka loli o ka hana batch e pili ana i ke koi no ka nila coke kiʻekiʻe i ka hana ʻana o ka nui o ka UHP a me HP graphite electrode, ʻoiai ʻaʻohe nila coke hui kiʻekiʻe e hiki ke hoʻokō i ka hana ʻana o ka hui electrode graphite.
ʻO nā ʻoihana kalapona haole e hana ana i nā kikoʻī nui UHP, ʻo HP graphite electrode ka mea mua i koho ʻia o ka petroleum needle coke kiʻekiʻe ma ke ʻano he coke maka nui, hoʻohana pū nā ʻoihana kalapona Kepani i kekahi mau coke nila moʻo lanahu ma ke ʻano he mea maka, akā no kēia mau kikoʻī φ 600 mm wale nō o ka hana ʻana i nā electrode graphite. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka coke nila ma Kina ka coke nila moʻo lanahu. ʻO ka hana ʻana o ka electrode graphite UHP nui kiʻekiʻe e nā ʻoihana kalapona e hilinaʻi pinepine ʻia ma ka coke nila moʻo petroleum i lawe ʻia mai, ʻoi aku ka hana ʻana o ka hui kiʻekiʻe me ka coke nila moʻo ʻaila Suishima Kepani i lawe ʻia mai a me ka coke nila moʻo ʻaila HSP Pelekane ma ke ʻano he coke maka.
I kēia manawa, hoʻohālikelike pinepine ʻia ka nila coke i hana ʻia e nā ʻoihana like ʻole me nā ʻōkuhi hana kalepa o ka nila coke haole e nā ʻōkuhi hana maʻamau, e like me ka nui o ka lehu, ka nui maoli, ka nui o ka sulfur, ka nui o ka nitrogen, ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka nui o nā ʻāpana, ka coefficient hoʻonui wela a pēlā aku. Eia nō naʻe, aia nō ka nele o nā papa like ʻole o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka nila coke i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻāina ʻē. No laila, ʻo ka hana ʻana o ka nila coke maʻamau no nā "waiwai i hoʻohui ʻia", ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻike i ka papa o ka nila coke premium kiʻekiʻe.
Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻohālikelike hana maʻamau, pono e hoʻolohe nā ʻoihana kalapona i ke ʻano o ka nila coke, e like me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka coefficient hoʻonui wela (CTE), ka ikaika o ka ʻāpana, ke kekelē anisotropy, ka ʻikepili hoʻonui ma ke kūlana ʻaʻole i kāohi ʻia a me ke kūlana i kāohi ʻia, a me ka pae mahana ma waena o ka hoʻonui ʻana a me ka ʻaelike. No ka mea, he mea nui loa kēia mau waiwai wela o ka nila coke i ka kaohi ʻana i ke kaʻina hana graphitization i ke kaʻina hana o ka electrode graphite, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole i kāpae ʻia ka mana o nā waiwai wela o ka asphalt coke i hana ʻia ma hope o ka puhi ʻana o ka mea hoʻopaʻa a me ka impregnating agent asphalt.
1. Hoʻohālikelike o ka anisotropy o ka nila coke
(A) Laʻana: φ 500 mm UHP electrode kino o kahi hale hana kalapona kūloko;
ʻO ka coke nila mea maka: Kepani hou LPC-U grade, ratio: 100%LPC-U grade; Ka nānā ʻana: SGL Griesheim plant; Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻōkuhi hana ma ka Papa 1.
(B) Laʻana: kino electrode φ 450 mmHP o kahi hale hana kalapona kūloko; Coke nila mea maka: coke nila aila hale hana kūloko, lakio: 100%; Ka nānā ʻana: Hale Hana Kalapona Shandong Bazan; Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻōkuhi hana ma ka Papa 2.
E like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia mai ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana o ka Papa 1 a me ka Papa 2, ʻo ka papa lPC-U o ka nila coke o nā ana lanahu kemika hou i kēlā me kēia lā he anisotropy nui o nā waiwai thermal, kahi e hiki ai i ka anisotropy o CTE ke hōʻea i 3.61 ~ 4.55, a nui nō hoʻi ka anisotropy o ka resistivity, e hōʻea ana i 2.06 ~ 2.25. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ikaika flexural o ka nila coke petroleum kūloko ma mua o ka nila coke ana lanahu LPC-U hou i kēlā me kēia lā. ʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka waiwai o ka anisotropy ma mua o ka nila coke ana lanahu LPC-U hou i kēlā me kēia lā.
ʻO ka loiloi hana hana ʻana o ka graphite electrode ultra kiʻekiʻe anisotropic degere ka loiloi o ka maikaʻi o ka nila coke maka mea a i ʻole ʻaʻole ia he ʻano loiloi koʻikoʻi, ʻo ka nui o ke degere o ka anisotropy, ʻoiaʻiʻo, he mana koʻikoʻi nō hoʻi ia ma ke kaʻina hana hana electrode, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o ka uila ma mua o ke degere anisotropy o ka mana awelika o ka electrode liʻiliʻi.
I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hana ʻana o ka coke nila lanahu ma Kina ma mua o ka coke nila petroleum. Ma muli o ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o nā mea maka a me ke kumukūʻai o nā ʻoihana kalapona, he paʻakikī ke hoʻohana i ka 100% coke nila kūloko i ka hana ʻana o ka electrode UHP, me ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi hapa o ka coke nila i helu ʻia a me ka pauka graphite e hana i ka electrode. No laila, he paʻakikī ke loiloi i ka anisotropy o ka coke nila kūloko.
2. Nā waiwai linear a me volumetric o ka nila coke
ʻO ka hana hoʻololi linear a me ka volumetric o ka nila coke e hōʻike nui ʻia ana i ke kaʻina hana graphite i hana ʻia e ka electrode. Me ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka mahana, e hana ka nila coke i ka hoʻonui linear a me ka volumetric a me ka ʻūlū ʻana i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana graphite e hoʻomehana ana, kahi e pili pono ana i ka hoʻololi linear a me ka volumetric o ka billet i kālua ʻia i ke kaʻina hana graphite. ʻAʻole like kēia no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā waiwai like ʻole o ka coke maka, nā ʻano like ʻole o ka nila coke e loli. Eia kekahi, ʻokoʻa hoʻi ka laulā mahana o nā loli linear a me ka leo o nā ʻano like ʻole o ka nila coke a me ka calcined petroleum coke. Ma ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kēia ʻano o ka coke maka hiki iā mākou ke hoʻomalu maikaʻi a hoʻonui i ka hana ʻana o ke kaʻina kemika graphite. He mea maopopo loa kēia i ke kaʻina hana graphitization moʻo.
Hōʻike ka Papa 3 i nā loli linear a me ka nui a me nā pae mahana o ʻekolu mau papa o ka petroleum needle coke i hana ʻia e Conocophillips ma UK. Hoʻomaka mua ka hoʻonui linear i ka wā e hoʻomaka ai ka wela o ka aila needle coke, akā ʻo ka mahana i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka linear contraction e lohi pinepine ma hope o ka mahana calcination kiʻekiʻe loa. Mai 1525 ℃ a i 1725 ℃, hoʻomaka ka hoʻonui linear, a he haiki ka pae mahana o ka linear contraction holoʻokoʻa, 200 ℃ wale nō. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pae mahana o ka laina holoʻokoʻa o ka petroleum coke lohi maʻamau ma mua o ka needle coke, a aia ka lanahu needle coke ma waena o nā mea ʻelua, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka aila needle coke. Hōʻike nā hopena hoʻāʻo o Osaka Industrial Technology Test Institute ma Iapana ʻo ka ʻino o ka hana thermal o ka coke, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pae mahana shrinkage laina, a hiki i ka 500 ~ 600 ℃ pae mahana shrinkage laina, a haʻahaʻa ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mahana shrinkage laina, ma 1150 ~ 1200 ℃ hoʻomaka ka hana laina shrinkage, ʻo ia hoʻi nā ʻano o ka petroleum coke lohi maʻamau.
ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o nā waiwai wela a me ka nui o ka anisotropy o ka nila coke, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka pae mahana o ka linear contraction. ʻO kekahi mau nila coke aila kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe he 100 ~ 150℃ wale nō ka pae mahana linear contraction. He mea maikaʻi loa ia no nā ʻoihana kalapona e alakaʻi i ka hana hana graphitization ma hope o ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā ʻano o ka hoʻonui linear, ka contraction a me ka hoʻonui hou ʻana o nā mea maka like ʻole coke, hiki ke pale aku i kekahi mau huahana ʻōpala maikaʻi ʻole i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke ʻano hana kuʻuna.
3 hopena
E hoʻokele i nā ʻano like ʻole o nā mea maka, koho i nā lako kūpono, hui maikaʻi o ka ʻenehana, a ʻoi aku ka ʻepekema a me ke kūpono o ka hoʻokele ʻoihana, ʻo kēia moʻo o ka ʻōnaehana hana holoʻokoʻa i kāohi paʻa a paʻa, hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia he kumu ia o ka hana ʻana i ka mana ultra-kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ka electrode graphite mana kiʻekiʻe.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Dec-30-2021