I ka makahiki 1955, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Jilin Carbon Factory, ka ʻoihana graphite electrode mua o Kina, me ke kōkua o nā loea loea mai ka Soviet Union mua. I ka moʻolelo hoʻomohala o ka electrode graphite, aia ʻelua mau huaʻōlelo Kina.
ʻO ka graphite electrode, kahi mea graphite kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe, loaʻa nā waiwai maikaʻi o ka hoʻokele ʻana i kēia manawa a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka uila, hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana ʻana okila.
Ma ke ʻano o ka piʻi nui ʻana o nā mea kūʻai, ʻaʻole i hoʻohana ka graphite electrode o kēia makahiki. ʻO ke kumukūʻai maʻamau o ka mākeke graphite electrode mainstream he 21393 yuan / ton,piʻi 51%mai ka manawa like i ka makahiki i hala. Mahalo i keia, i ka home graphite electrode nui kaikaina (market mahele o oi ma mua o 20%) - Fang Da kalapona (600516) i loko o ka mua ekolu hapaha o keia makahiki hana loaʻa kālā o 3.57 ieeeea? , e hoʻi i ka ulu waiwai waiwai makuahine o 118%. ʻO kēia hoʻokō hoʻohiwahiwa i huki ʻia ma mua o 30 mau keʻena e noiʻi i ka pule i hala aku nei, ma waena o ia mau mea he nui nā ʻoihana ʻohi kālā lehulehu e like me Efonda a me Harvest.
A ʻo nā hoaaloha e hoʻolohe ana i ka ʻoihana uila, ʻike lākou ma lalo o ka hao hao o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu o ka luakini i ka mana pālua, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ikehu a me nā ʻoihana pollution kiʻekiʻe ua hoʻōki i ka hana a me ka pani ʻana. ʻO nā wili kila e like me nā ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe ʻelua pono e pāʻani i ke kuleana nui i ka hao hebei a ʻo ka ʻāina kila ka mea kaulana. E like me ka 'oiaʻiʻo, emi kila hana, ke koi no ka graphite electrode e hoi emi, me na manamana wāwae hiki ke noonoo o, graphite electrode kumu kūʻai i e haule ah.
1. Me ka ʻole o nā electrodes graphite, ʻaʻole hana maoli nā kapuahi uila
No ka ʻike kikoʻī o nā electrodes graphite, pono e wehe i ke kaulahao ʻoihana no ka nānā iki. Upstream, graphite electrode i ka petroleum coke, needle coke ʻelua huahana kemika e like me nā mea maka, ma o 11 ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka hana paʻakikī,Pono ka 1 ton o ka graphite electrode i 1.02 tons o nā mea maka, ʻo ke kaʻina hana ʻoi aku ma mua o 50 mau lā, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kumukūʻai ma mua o 65%.
E like me kaʻu i ʻōlelo ai, hana nā electrodes graphite i ka uila. E like me ka ʻae ʻia o kēia manawa, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā electrodes graphitemana maʻamau, mana kiʻekiʻe a me ka mana ultra-kiʻekiʻegraphite electrodes. Loaʻa i nā ʻano electrodes ʻokoʻa nā waiwai kino a me nā kemika.
Ma lalo o ka muliwai, hoʻohana ʻia nā electrodes graphite i nā kapuahi arc, ʻoihana silika a mephosphorus melemelehana, hana kila maʻamau helu no kahi80%ʻO ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā electrodes graphite, ʻo ke kumukūʻai hou ma muli o ka ʻoihana kila. I kēia mau makahiki i hala iho nei, me ka hoʻonui nui ʻana o nā kila EAF mana kiʻekiʻe loa me ka hana kumu kūʻai ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, ke ulu nei nā electrodes graphite i ka mana ultra-kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ma mua o ka mana maʻamau. ʻO wai ka haku o kakiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe graphite electrodeʻenehana, nāna e alakaʻi i ka mākeke e hiki mai ana. I kēia manawa, ʻo nā mea hana 10 kiʻekiʻe o ka honua i nā electrodes graphite mana kiʻekiʻe loa e pili ana i ka 44.4% o ka huina o nā electrodes graphite mana kiʻekiʻe loa i ka honua. Kūleʻa ka mākeke, a ʻo ka ʻāina alakaʻi nui ʻo Iapana.
No ka hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi ʻana i kēia mau mea, eia kahi wehewehe pōkole o ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana i ke kila. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ua māhele ʻia ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka hao a me ke kilakapuahi puhiakapuahi uila: ʻo ka mea mua e lilo i ka hao hao, coke a me nā hao puaʻa hoʻoheheʻe ʻē aʻe, a laila ka nui o ka oxygen puhi converter, ka decarbonization hao i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai kila kila. Hoʻohana ka poʻe ʻē aʻe i nā waiwai uila a me nā mea wela o nā electrodes graphite e hoʻoheheʻe i ke kila ʻōpala a lilo i kila.
No laila, graphite electrode no ka EAF kila hana, e like me PVDF no ka lithium anode, ka mea e pono ole nui (1 tona o ke kila hoopau wale 1.2-2.5kg graphite electrode), akā, ka mea maoli hiki ole me ia. A ʻaʻole e loaʻa kahi pani i kekahi manawa koke.
2. ʻElua kalapona i ke ahi, ninini ʻia ka mana electrode graphite
ʻAʻole wale ke kila, ʻo ka hana graphite electrode he mea hoʻohana kiʻekiʻe ka ikehu a me ka ʻoihana hoʻokuʻu kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole manaʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka hiki. Iecaianoaaiiuo o hoʻokahi tona o ka graphite electrode pau e pili ana i 1.7 tona o ka lanahu maʻamau, a ina hoohuliia i 2.66 tona o kalapona kalapona no ke tona o ka lanahu maʻamau, he hookahi tona o ka graphite electrode emits ma kahi o 4.5 tons o kalapona kalapona i ka lewa. ʻAʻole ʻae hou ʻo Inner Mongolia i ka papahana electrode graphite i kēia makahiki he hōʻoia maikaʻi.
Ke alakaʻi ʻia nei e ka pahu kalapona ʻelua a me ke kumumanaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ua hōʻole ka puka makahiki o nā electrodes graphite no ka manawa mua i loko o ʻehā makahiki. I ka makahiki 2017, ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka mākeke kila eAF honua, e koi ana i ka noi no ka electrode graphite, ua hoʻonui nā mea pāʻani graphite electrode i ka hana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hiki, Graphite electrode ma Kina mai 2017 a 2019 i hōʻike i kahi ulu ulu kiʻekiʻe.
The so-called cycle, is upstream eatmeat, downstream eat noodles.
Ma muli o ka nui o ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana a me ka hana ʻana o ka graphite electrode i ka ʻoihana, ka hopena i ka nui o nā waiwai i ka mākeke, wehe i ke kahawai i lalo o ka ʻoihana, ua lilo ka ʻae ʻana i ka waihona i ke mele nui. I ka makahiki 2020, ua emi iho ka huina holookoa o ka honua graphite electrode e 340,000 tons, i lalo e like me 22%, ua emi iho ka puka o Kina o graphite electrode mai 800,000 tons a i 730,000 tons, ua manaʻo ʻia e emi wale ka huahana maoli o kēia makahiki.
Hoʻokahi pō ma mua o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia.
ʻAʻole i piʻi ka mana hana, ʻaʻohe kālā (haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa), ke piʻi nei nā kumukūʻai maka. Petroleum coke, needle coke i hoʻokahi pule i 300-600 yuan/ton. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o nā mea pāʻani graphite ʻekolu me hoʻokahi wale nō koho, ʻo ia ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā kumukūʻai. ʻO ka maʻamau, ka mana kiʻekiʻe, ka mana ultra-kiʻekiʻe ʻekolu mau huahana electrode graphite i hoʻonui i ke kumukūʻai. Wahi a Baichuan Yingfu hōʻike, ʻoiai ke piʻi aʻe ke kumukūʻai, ʻo Kina ka graphite electrode market i ka pōkole lako, kekahi mau mea hana aneane ʻaʻohe graphite electrode inventory, hoʻomau ka piʻi ʻana o ka hana.
3. Steel hoʻololi, no ka graphite electrode wehe noʻonoʻo wahi
Inā nā palena hana, ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai a me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā mea ikaika ma hope o ka piʻi ʻana o ke kumukūʻai o nā electrodes graphite ma hope o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana o ka pōʻai, ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ʻoihana kila e wehe i ka noʻonoʻo no ka piʻi ʻana o ke kumu kūʻai o nā electrodes graphite kiʻekiʻe.
I kēia manawa, ma kahi o 90% o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ke kila maʻemaʻe o ka hale mai ka hana ʻana o ka umu ahi (coke), nona ka nui kalapona. I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, me nā koi aupuni no ka hoʻololi a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ikaika, mālama i ka ikehu a me ka hoʻemi kalapona, ua huli kekahi mau mea hana kila mai ka umu ahi a i ka umu ahi arc. ʻO nā kulekele kūpono i hoʻokomoʻia i ka makahiki i hala aku nei ua hōʻike pūʻiaʻo ka puka kila o ka umu ahi arc iʻoi aku ma mua o 15% o ka nui o ka hua kila kila, a ho'āʻo e hoʻokō i ka 20%. E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna, no ka mea he mea nui ka graphite electrode i ka umu ahi arc, hoʻomaikaʻi ʻole ia i nā pono o ka graphite electrode.
ʻAʻole ia he kumu ʻole e hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka hapa o ke kila EAF. ʻElima mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hiki i ka 25.2% ka nui o ka honua uila arc furnace steel production pākēneka o ka hana kila crude, ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻo ka European Union 27 mau ʻāina he 62,7%, 39,4%, ko mākou ʻāina i kēia wahi o ka holomua he nui ka lewa. , i mea e hoʻonui ai i ka koi graphite electrode.
No laila, hiki ke hoʻohālikelike wale ʻia inā ʻo ka hoʻopuka ʻana o ke kila EAF e pili ana i ka 20% o ka huina o ke kila kila ma 2025, a ua helu ʻia ka hoʻopuka ʻana o ke kila kila e like me 800 miliona tons / makahiki, koi ʻia ka graphite electrode o Kina i loko. ʻO 2025 ma kahi o 750,000 tons. Ua wānana ʻo Frost Sullivan, ʻo ka hapahā ʻehā o kēia makahiki, aia nō kahi lumi e holo ai.
He ʻoiaʻiʻo ke piʻi wikiwiki ka graphite electrode, pili nā mea āpau i ke kāʻei umu ahi uila.
4. E hōʻuluʻulu
I ka hopena, he mau waiwai koʻikoʻi ko ka graphite electrode, a he maʻalahi kona mau hiʻohiʻona noiʻi, kahi i hoʻoikaika nui ʻia e ka ʻoihana kila o lalo. Ma hope o ka upcycle mai 2017 a 2019, ua hoʻemi ʻia i ka makahiki i hala. I kēia makahiki, ma lalo o ka superposition o ka palena hana, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe, ua hoʻohaʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai o ka electrode graphite a hoʻomau ka piʻi ʻana o ka hana.
I ka wā e hiki mai ana, me nā koi hoʻololi ʻōmaʻomaʻo a haʻahaʻa-carbon o ka ʻoihana hao a me ke kila, e lilo ke kila EAF i mea hoʻoikaika nui e hoʻoikaika i ka piʻi ʻana o ka noi graphite electrode, akā ʻo ka hoʻololi a me ka hoʻonui ʻana he hana lōʻihi. ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai no nā electrodes graphite.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-08-2021